"Lieutenant-Colonel Banastre Tarleton" by Sir Joshua Reynolds. Determined to rid himself of the pesky Morgan before invading the upper South, Cornwallis sent Banastre Tarleton's famed Tory Legion in pursuit. [5], In June that year, the Continental Congress authorized an invasion of Canada. He moved cannons and men to the first barricade, behind Morgan's force. The body was moved to the Mt. Although Tarleton escaped, the Americans captured all his supplies and equipment, including the officers' slaves. Morgan thus acquired a hatred for the British Army. [4] He led this outstanding group of marksmen nicknamed "Morgan's Riflemen." Morgan reluctantly ordered Fraser shot by a sniper, and Timothy Murphy obliged him. Higginbotham, Don. Surrender of General Burgoyne by John Trumbull. He was assigned to raise and command a new infantry regiment, the 11th Virginia Regiment of the Continental Line. Greene did not change his command assignment, but did give him new orders. Morgan met his new Department Commander, Nathanael Greene, on Dec. 3, 1780 at Charlotte, North Carolina. [12] The long rifles used were more accurate and had a longer range than other firearms at that time (300 yards as compared to 80 for standard smooth-bore muskets), but took much longer to load. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. In June 1780, he was urged to re-enter the service by General Gates, but declined. Encyclopedia.com. (Note: historians have never reached a consensus on the use of a standard name for this epic journey.) Early years Most authorities believe that Morgan was born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Morgan immediately led his corps back to Washington's main army, arriving in time to skirmish several times with British troops in December 1777. [5][7] They called for the formation of 10 rifle companies[6][7] from the middle colonies to support the Siege of Boston,[5] and late in June 1775, Virginia agreed to send two. In 1821 Virginia named a new county—Morgan County—in his honor. [10][11] Locals called it the "Bee-Line March", noting that Stephenson somehow marched his men 600 miles from their meeting point at Morgan’s Spring, in 24 days, so they arrived at Cambridge on Friday, August 11, 1775. Shortly before surrendering, Morgan surrendered his sword to a local French priest, refusing to give it up before Carleton for a formal surrender, which Morgan viewed as humiliating to him. The tall, muscular young man was frequently in trouble with the law for brawling in taverns and not paying his liquor and card debts. . All of the companies at Boston volunteered, so lotteries were used to choose who should go, and Morgan's company was among those chosen. New Jersey and retirement After Saratoga, Morgan's unit rejoined Washington's main army, near Philadelphia. Colonel Benedict Arnold convinced General Washington to send an eastern offensive against Quebec in support of Montgomery's invasion. As a result, he was repeatedly passed over for promotion to brigadier, favor going to men with less combat experience but better political connections. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html, MORGAN, DANIEL. Serving under General "Light-Horse Harry" Lee, Morgan led one wing of the militia army into Western Pennsylvania. Passing through the Canadian loyalists, Morgan's Virginia sharpshooters got the British light infantry trapped in a crossfire between themselves and Dearborn's regiment. At Freeman's Farm, they ran into the advance of General Simon Fraser's wing of Burgoyne's force. The couple had 2 daughters, Betsy and Nancy. He was promoted to colonel and given a special corps of light infantry composed of 500 picked backwoodsmen. As the British forces approached, the Americans, with their backs turned to the British, reloaded their muskets. Although the light infantry broke, General Fraser was trying to rally them, encouraging his men to hold their positions when Benedict Arnold arrived. Outside the city of Quebec, Arnold's column united with an American force from Montreal under Gen. Richard Montgomery. Daniel Morgan was buried in Old Stone Presbyterian Church graveyard and moved to the Mt. While still a colonel with Washington, he had temporarily commanded Weedon's brigade, and felt himself ready for the position. Only two books have been written about him and both are long out of print. The damp and chill of the campaign had aggravated his sciatica to the point where he was in constant pain; on February 10, he returned to his Virginia farm. When Morgan was 17, he left home following a fight with his father. The British plan was to turn that flank, using an advance by 1,500 men. Most authorities believe that Morgan was born in Hunterdon County, New Jersey. His parents were Welsh immigrants. By the time the Revolutionary War began, Daniel Morgan was 40 years old. He also had 10 slaves at that time. Their ability to cut up any patrols sent in their direction convinced the British that retreat was not possible. In June 1780, he was urged to reenter the service by General Gates, but he declined. While this tactic was viewed as dishonorable by the British elites, it was in fact an extremely effective method that created chaos and discord for the British Army. Every company at Boston volunteered, and a lottery was used to choose who should go. Every officer in the British advance party died in the first exchange, and the advance guard retreated. Washington then ordered this corps, the only rifle unit in the American army, to join the campaign against General John Burgoyne. When Montgomery fell, his attack faltered, and the British General Carleton led hundreds of local Quebec militia to encircle the second attack. Morgan's company volunteered to join Benedict Arnold in his march to Quebec, which occurred from September to November 1775. He had become proficient in Indian fighting tactics, and was an excellent marksman with a rifle. [7] Morgan was chosen by a unanimous vote by the Committee of Frederick County to form one of these companies and become its commander. Both married Revolutionary War veterans.
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